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Ojalá
Words
Certain: The standard etymology in the RAE dictionary and in Corriente; no serious doubt.Science & games · Specialized

guarismo

numeral, digit — any of the signs that express a numbercada uno de los signos que expresan un número; cifra

Comes from Arabic

خُوَارِزْمِيّ

khuwārizmī

“the man from Khwarezm (the mathematician's epithet)”«el de Juarezm (sobrenombre del matemático)»

Arabic today says

رَقْم

raqm

The article

It came in without the article.

Arabic itself had taken it from Persian.

The story

It is algoritmo's sibling: the same name, al-Khwarizmi, but it came in through Andalusi Arabic without the article — hence gua- (khwa-). His books taught Europe the Indian numerals.Es el hermano de algoritmo: el mismo nombre de al-Juarismi, pero entrado por el árabe andalusí sin el artículo, de ahí gua- (jwa-). Sus libros enseñaron a Europa las cifras indias.

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